{"id":636,"date":"2015-02-13T17:40:17","date_gmt":"2015-02-13T17:40:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.cs.dal.ca\/meridian-rebuild\/?p=636"},"modified":"2019-12-10T15:07:08","modified_gmt":"2019-12-10T15:07:08","slug":"modelling-and-predicting-the-efficiency-of-acoustic-tracking-arrays","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/2015\/02\/13\/modelling-and-predicting-the-efficiency-of-acoustic-tracking-arrays\/","title":{"rendered":"Mod\u00e9liser et pr\u00e9dire l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9seaux de rep\u00e9rage acoustique"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column content_column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\nLe rep\u00e9rage acoustique est largement utilis\u00e9 par les biologistes marins pour \u00e9tudier la r\u00e9partition et les mouvements des poissons ainsi que des mammif\u00e8res marins sur des \u00e9chelles de temps qui varient de quelques heures \u00e0 plusieurs mois, voire m\u00eame des ann\u00e9es. Cette technique fort efficace permet aux scientifiques de cartographier les routes de migration du saumon. Elle donne \u00e9galement la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019effectuer des corr\u00e9lations entre l'habitat et le d\u00e9placement des requins, en fonction du temps et des variables environnementales. Ces \u00e9tudes apportent des donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cieuses pour la prise de d\u00e9cision en mati\u00e8re de gestion de l\u2019environnement marin.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Le rep\u00e9rage acoustique consiste essentiellement \u00e0 munir des animaux d\u2019\u00e9metteurs acoustiques et \u00e0 implanter un r\u00e9seau sous-marin compos\u00e9 de r\u00e9cepteurs pour d\u00e9tecter lorsqu\u2019un animal se trouve \u00e0 proximit\u00e9. Ces d\u00e9marches sont accompagn\u00e9es de d\u00e9fis logistiques et techniques. L\u2019interpr\u00e9tation des donn\u00e9es peut aussi s\u2019av\u00e9rer complexe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped aligncenter blog_gallery wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"312\" height=\"209\" src=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.34-PM.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"638\" data-link=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/screen-shot-2019-01-22-at-3-27-34-pm\/\" class=\"wp-image-638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.34-PM.png 312w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.34-PM-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 312px) 100vw, 312px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"138\" height=\"148\" src=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.28.03-PM.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"639\" data-link=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/screen-shot-2019-01-22-at-3-28-03-pm\/\" class=\"wp-image-639\"\/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"609\" src=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.28-PM.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"637\" data-link=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/screen-shot-2019-01-22-at-3-27-28-pm\/\" class=\"wp-image-637\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.28-PM.png 621w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-01-22-at-3.27.28-PM-300x294.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size caption wp-block-paragraph\">Cartes illustrant les taux de d\u00e9tection de r\u00e9cepteurs individuels dans trois r\u00e9seaux de rep\u00e9rage implant\u00e9s par l\u2019OTN au large des c\u00f4tes de la Nouvelle-\u00c9cosse<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1460\" width=\"219\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-1365x2048.jpg 1365w, https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Projects_Modelling-scaled.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 219px) 100vw, 219px\" \/><figcaption>Un plongeur inspecte une unit\u00e9 dans l\u2019un des nombreux r\u00e9seaux de rep\u00e9rage de l\u2019OTN<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\nIl est essentiel de d\u00e9terminer la capacit\u00e9 de chaque r\u00e9cepteur du r\u00e9seau \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter un animal (sa \u00ab port\u00e9e \u00bb). Or, il s\u2019agit d\u2019une difficult\u00e9, car la port\u00e9e de d\u00e9tection d\u00e9pend de nombreux param\u00e8tres environnementaux qui peuvent varier avec le temps. Par exemple, des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de bruit ambiant peuvent masquer les signaux de suivi acoustique ou des couches de densit\u00e9 et d\u2019autres propri\u00e9t\u00e9s d\u00e9favorables de la colonne d\u2019eau peuvent emp\u00eacher les signaux de se propager sur de longues distances. \n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\nPour r\u00e9soudre ce probl\u00e8me, MERIDIAN s'est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) dans le cadre d'un projet visant \u00e0 analyser des donn\u00e9es historiques et \u00e0 mod\u00e9liser l'efficacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9seaux de rep\u00e9rage acoustique historiques et projet\u00e9s \u00e0 l'aide de techniques d'apprentissage automatique. En utilisant les donn\u00e9es historiques de la base de donn\u00e9es de l'OTN, nous chercherons \u00e0 exploiter l'apprentissage automatique (ex. : r\u00e9seaux neuronaux) pour trouver des corr\u00e9lations entre l'efficacit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9tection, diverses variables environnementales ainsi que les taux de trafic maritime. \n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column link_column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Partenaires<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"link_list wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/oceantrackingnetwork.org\/\">Ocean Tracking Network (OTN)<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Acoustic tracking is widely used by marine biologists to study the distributions and movements of fishes and marine mammals on time scales ranging from hours to months or even years. Highly powerful, the technique allows scientists to map the migration routes of salmon, or correlate the habitat use and movement [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":554,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[9,17],"class_list":["post-636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-activities","tag-data-analysis","tag-model"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=636"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1475,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/636\/revisions\/1475"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/meridian.cs.dal.ca\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}